Reviews of "Evolution of Omicron Lineage Towards Increased Fitness in the Upper Respiratory Tract in the Absence of Severe Lung Pathology"

Jian Zheng; Yuan Shuofeng; Nishant Ranjan Chauhan

doi:doi:10.1162/2e3983f5.8ed78f6f

Reviews of "Evolution of Omicron Lineage Towards Increased Fitness in the Upper Respiratory Tract in the Absence of Severe Lung Pathology"

Reviewers: J Zheng (University of Iowa) | 📗📗📗📗◻️ • Y Shuofeng (University of Hong Kong ) | 📘📘📘📘📘 • N R Chauhan (University of Texas Medical Branch ) | 📒📒📒 ◻️◻️

by Jian Zheng, Yuan Shuofeng, and Nishant Ranjan Chauhan

Published onAug 05, 2024

This Pub is a Review of

Evolution of Omicron lineage towards increased fitness in the upper respiratory tract in the absence of severe lung pathology

by Arthur Wickenhagen, Meaghan Flagg, Julia R Port, Claude Kwe Yinda, Kerry Goldin, Shane Gallogly, Jonathan E Schulz, Tessa Lutterman, Brandi N Williamson, Franziska Kaiser, Reshma K Mukesh, Sarah van Tol, Brian Smith, Neeltje van Doremalen, Colin A Russell, Emmie de Wit, and Vincent J Munster

Show Description
Published on Jun 14, 2024
www.biorxiv.org

Description

Abstract The emergence of the Omicron lineage represented a major genetic drift in SARS-CoV-2 evolution. This was associated with phenotypic changes including evasion of pre-existing immunity and decreased disease severity. Continuous evolution within the Omicron lineage raised concerns of potential increased transmissibility and/or disease severity. To address this, we evaluated the fitness and pathogenesis of contemporary Omicron variants XBB.1.5, XBB.1.16, EG.5.1, and JN.1 in the upper (URT) and lower respiratory tract (LRT). We compared in vivo infection in Syrian hamsters with infection in primary human nasal and lung epithelium cells and assessed differences in transmissibility, antigenicity, and innate immune activation. Omicron variants replicated efficiently in the URT but displayed limited pathology in the lungs compared to previous variants and failed to replicate in human lung organoids. JN.1 was attenuated in both URT and LRT compared to other Omicron variants and failed to transmit in the hamster model. Our data demonstrate that Omicron lineage evolution has favored increased fitness in the URT.

To read the original manuscript, click the link above.

Summary of Reviews: This preprint received praise for its comprehensive analysis of Omicron variants and its implications for predicting SARS-CoV-2 evolution and prevention strategies. Reviewers found that the preprint was well-written and well-designed, but suggested several improvements in discussion section along with a number of minor comments. The study was recognized as providing essential public health insights into the transmission and evolution of SARS-CoV-2.

Reviewer 1 (Jian Z…) | 📗📗📗📗◻️

Reviewer 2 (Yuan S…) | 📘📘📘📘📘

Reviewer 3 (Nishant Ranjan C…) | 📒📒📒 ◻️◻️

RR:C19 Strength of Evidence Scale Key

📕 ◻️◻️◻️◻️ = Misleading

📙📙 ◻️◻️◻️ = Not Informative

📒📒📒 ◻️◻️ = Potentially Informative

📗📗📗📗◻️ = Reliable

📘📘📘📘📘 = Strong

To read the reviews, click the links below.

Connections

1 of 3

A Supplement to this Pub

Review 1: "Evolution of Omicron Lineage Towards Increased Fitness in the Upper Respiratory Tract in the Absence of Severe Lung Pathology"

by Jian Zheng

Show Description
Published on Aug 05, 2024
rrid.mitpress.mit.edu

Description

Reviewers found that the preprint was well-written and well-designed, but suggested several improvements in discussion section along with a number of minor comments.

A Supplement to this Pub

Review 2: "Evolution of Omicron Lineage Towards Increased Fitness in the Upper Respiratory Tract in the Absence of Severe Lung Pathology"

by Yuan Shuofeng

Show Description
Published on Aug 05, 2024
rrid.mitpress.mit.edu

Description

Reviewers found that the preprint was well-written and well-designed, but suggested several improvements in discussion section along with a number of minor comments.

A Supplement to this Pub

Review 3: "Evolution of Omicron Lineage Towards Increased Fitness in the Upper Respiratory Tract in the Absence of Severe Lung Pathology"

by Nishant Ranjan Chauhan

Show Description
Published on Aug 20, 2024
rrid.mitpress.mit.edu

Description

Reviewers found that the preprint was well-written and well-designed, but suggested several improvements in discussion section along with a number of minor comments.

License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY 4.0)

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The review of "Evolution of Omicron Lineage Towards Increased Fitness in the Upper Respiratory Tract in the Absence of Severe Lung Pathology" highlights that the study focuses on how the Omicron variant has evolved to be more effective in the upper respiratory tract while causing less severe lung pathology. Reviewers appreciate its insights into the variant's adaptation and its implications for public health and vaccine strategies.