Skip to main content
SearchLoginLogin or Signup

Review 1: "Dynamics of the Viral Community on the Cheese Surface during Maturation and Persistence across Production Years"

The reviewer highlighted the study's potential impact on the dairy sector, starter culture industry, and food policy makers, particularly in demonstrating the importance of bacteriophages in fermented food microbiology beyond lactic acid bacteria.

Published onJul 01, 2024
Review 1: "Dynamics of the Viral Community on the Cheese Surface during Maturation and Persistence across Production Years"
1 of 2
key-enterThis Pub is a Review of
Dynamics of the viral community on the surface of a French smear-ripened cheese during maturation and persistence across production years
Dynamics of the viral community on the surface of a French smear-ripened cheese during maturation and persistence across production years
Description

ABSTRACT The surface of smear-ripened cheeses constitutes a dynamic microbial ecosystem resulting from the successive development of different microbial groups such as lactic acid bacteria, fungi and ripening bacteria. Recent studies indicate that a viral community, mainly composed of bacteriophages, also represents a common and substantial part of the cheese microbiome. However, the composition of this community, its temporal variations and associations between bacteriophages and their hosts remain poorly characterized. Here, we studied a French smear-ripened cheese by both viral metagenomics and 16S metabarcoding approaches to assess both the succession of phages and bacterial communities on the cheese surface during cheese ripening, and their temporal variations in ready-to-eat cheeses over the years of production. We observed a clear transition of the phage community structure during ripening with a decreased relative abundance of viral species (vOTUs) associated with Lactococcus phages, which were replaced by vOTUs associated with phages infecting ripening bacteria such as Brevibacterium, Glutamicibacter, Pseudoalteromonas and Vibrio. The dynamics of the phage community was strongly associated with bacterial successions observed on the cheese surface. Finally, while some variations in the distribution of phages were observed in ready-to-eat cheeses produced at different dates spanning more than 4 years of production, the most abundant phages were detected throughout. This result revealed the long-term persistence of the dominant phages in the cheese production environment. Together, these findings offer novel perspectives on the ecology of bacteriophages in smear-ripened cheese and emphasize the significance of incorporating bacteriophages in the microbial ecology studies of fermented foods.IMPORTANCE The succession of diverse microbial populations is critical for ensuring the production of high-quality cheese. We observed a temporal succession of phages on the surface of a smear-ripened cheese, with new phage communities showing up at the time when ripening bacteria start covering this surface. Interestingly, the final phage community of this cheese is also consistent over large periods of time, as the same bacteriophages were found in cheese products from the same manufacturer made over 4-years. This research highlights the importance of considering these bacteriophages when studying the microbial life of fermented foods like cheese.

RR:C19 Evidence Scale rating by reviewer:

  • Strong. The main study claims are very well-justified by the data and analytic methods used. There is little room for doubt that the study produced has very similar results and conclusions as compared with the hypothetical ideal study. The study’s main claims should be considered conclusive and actionable without reservation.

***************************************

Review: The authors studied French smear-ripened cheeses by both viral metagenomics and 16S metabarcoding approaches to assess both the succession of phages and bacterial communities on the cheese surface during cheese ripening, and their variations in ready-to-eat cheeses over 4 years of production. They observed a transition of the phage community structure during ripening with a decreased relative abundance of viral species (vOTUs) associated with Lactococcus phages, which were replaced by vOTUs associated with phages infecting ripening bacteria such as Brevibacterium, Glutamicibacter, Pseudoalteromonas and Vibrio. Specifically, the relative abundance of several phages, such as Glutamicibacter phage Montesquieu, Psychrobacter phage d’Alembert and Lactococcus phages belonging to the (Skunavirus genus), KSY1 and P335 groups was positively correlated to the relative abundance of their predicted bacterial hosts.

The work is clearly and accurately presented, well-structured and well-written. The main study claims are very well-justified by the data and analytic methods used. The tables and figures are chosen and designed with relevance and style. Therefore, the overall conclusions and main claims detailed above are clearly substantiated by the evidence presented. They should be considered conclusive and actionable without reservation.

The manuscript cites current and relevant literature and discuss limitations. For instance, the authors point out that the observed positive correlation between a phage and its predicted bacterial host contrasts with the anticipated negative correlation that might have been expected if virulent phages were responsible for eliminating key members of the bacterial community during cheese ripening. The authors conclude with good reason that future investigations at strain level would be highly relevant to better understand the ecological role of phages in cheese rind microbial communities. One limitation of the study is the lack of analysis of the fungal community and its virome. The authors could briefly discuss the relevance of this component of the microbiota for the cheese studied.

Comments
15
?
Andres Riggs:

The blog offers structured approaches to tackling challenges, equipping readers with tools to navigate difficulties effectively.
bff snapchat planets

AIShred GEP ECOTECH:

https://id.aishred.com/release/116.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/115.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/114.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/113.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/112.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/111.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/110.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/109.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/108.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/107.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/106.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/105.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/104.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/103.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/102.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/101.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/100.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/99.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/98.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/97.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/96.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/95.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/94.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/93.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/92.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/91.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/90.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/89.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/88.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/87.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/86.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/85.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/84.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/jalur-penghancuran-dan-pemilahan-logam-baru-mulai-uji-operasi.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/82.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/81.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/80.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/79.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/78.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/77.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/sistem-penghancuran-aman-baterai-lithium-ion-yang-terisi.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/mesin-penghancur-gep-ecotech-gdt-solusi-yang-ditingkatkan-untuk-ban-bekas.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/gep-ecotech-5-produsen-mesin-penghancur-industri-teratas-di-cina.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/pengolahan-asr-dan-e-waste-dengan-gep-ecotech-penghancur.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/dijual-penghancur-bilah-turbin-angin.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/peralatan-yang-diperlukan-untuk-pembuangan-karkas-hewan.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/proses-daur-ulang-scrap-aluminium.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/penghancur-filter-oli-dijual.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/mesin-daur-ulang-sampah-frp-fiberglass-reinforced-plastic.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/dijual-mesin-penghancur-scrap-metal.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/penghancur-industri-aishred-dalam-daur-ulang-fiberglass.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/mesin-penghancur-sampah-padat-besar.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/dijual-mesin-penghancur-sampah-plastik.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/penghancur-biomassa-dijual-di-indonesia.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/penghancur-pra-sampah-untuk-msw.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/mesin-penghancur-serbaguna-industri-gep-ecotech.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/dijual-pisau-dan-pemotong-penghancur-industri.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/dijual-mesin-penghancur-sampah-di-indonesia.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/mesin-penghancur-sampah-dijual-di-indonesia.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/pabrik-daur-ulang-limbah-konstruksi-untuk-dijual-di-indonesia.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/daur-ulang-limbah-konstruksi-dan-pembongkaran.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/penghancur-poros-ganda-dijual-di-indonesia.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/ban-bekas-menjadi-tdf-dengan-penghancur-gep-ecotech.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/mesin-pelet-rdf-dijual.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/teknologi-gep-ecotech-msw-mengubah-sampah-menjadi-bahan-bakar-berkualitas-tinggi.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/51.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/50.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/49.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/48.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/47.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/46.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/45.html

https://id.aishred.com/release/44.html

https://id.aishred.com/application/construction-aggregate-processing.html

https://id.aishred.com/application/plastic-waste-processing.html

https://id.aishred.com/application/organic-waste-processing.html

https://id.aishred.com/application/weee-waste-processing.html

https://id.aishred.com/application/hazardous-waste-processing.html

https://id.aishred.com/application/scrap-metal-processing.html

https://id.aishred.com/application/waste-tire-processing.html

https://id.aishred.com/application/biomass-waste-processing.html

https://id.aishred.com/application/construction-demolition-waste-processing.html

https://id.aishred.com/application/municipal-solid-waste-processing.html

https://id.aishred.com/application/commercial-industrial-waste-processing.html

https://id.aishred.com/application/textile-waste-processing.html

https://id.aishred.com/product/roller-screen.html

https://id.aishred.com/product/circular-vibrating-screen.html

https://id.aishred.com/product/multiple-frequency-screen.html

https://id.aishred.com/product/flip-flow-screen.html

https://id.aishred.com/product/trommel-screen.html

https://id.aishred.com/product/eddy-current-separator.html

https://id.aishred.com/product/magnetic-separator.html

https://id.aishred.com/product/wind-sifter-separator.html

https://id.aishred.com/product/biomass-pellet-machine.html

https://id.aishred.com/product/rubber-grinder.html

https://id.aishred.com/product/rdf-pellet-machine.html

https://id.aishred.com/product/universal-granulator.html

https://id.aishred.com/product/portable-pyrolysis-plant.html

https://id.aishred.com/product/mobile-crusher-plant.html

https://id.aishred.com/product/mobile-shredder-plant.html

https://id.aishred.com/product/closed-shredding-system.html

https://id.aishred.com/product/vsi-crusher.html

https://id.aishred.com/product/cone-crusher.html

https://id.aishred.com/product/impact-crusher.html

https://id.aishred.com/product/jaw-crusher.html

https://id.aishred.com/product/drum-chipper.html

https://id.aishred.com/product/double-rotor-shredder.html

https://id.aishred.com/product/pre-shredder.html

https://id.aishred.com/product/four-shaft-shredder.html

https://id.aishred.com/product/single-shaft-shredder.html

https://id.aishred.com/product/double-shaft-shredder.html

Olivia Raymond:

This blog post was incredibly thoughtful and detailed. The author clearly put a lot of effort into covering the subject from all angles
track my parcel buffalo

?
Alan Dewey:

The dynamics of the viral community on cheese surfaces during maturation significantly impact flavor and texture. As cheese ages, viral populations adapt to shifts in the microbial ecosystem, influencing bacterial interactions. This persistence over production years contributes to the unique characteristics of aged cheeses, highlighting the importance of understanding these microbial dynamics. For more details, check the link for sim registration.

Kelly Cain:

I loved how the author included practical tips to apply the knowledge. It’s one of those reads that leaves you feeling smarter and more prepared.
look at this web-site

?
Winston Reed:

The viral community on cheese surfaces evolves during maturation, shaping flavor and safety, much like how creativegaming inspires innovative strategies in exploration.

?
willd Robrt:

Safaris in Kenya offer close-up encounters with the Big Five, while the coast boasts thrilling water sports. Whether you're exploring coral reefs or tracking wildlife on a game drive, there's something for everyone. From the wild savannah to the deep ocean, adventure awaits. Plan ahead for a truly unique experience.

?
Regina Fick:

The viral community on cheese surfaces interacts intricately with microbial life, shaping the cheese's flavor and safety as it matures, much like how the finances of famous celebs grow more substantial over time through brand value and endorsements.

?
Adamo The Bellus:

Discover unparalleled comfort and luxury with Adamo The Bellus, offering top-notch Goa hotel accommodation. Renowned for providing the best accommodation in Goa, we ensure a memorable stay with our exquisite rooms, exceptional amenities, and warm hospitality. Whether you're seeking a relaxing getaway or an adventure-filled holiday, our prime location and world-class services cater to all your needs. Experience the perfect blend of elegance and convenience at Adamo The Bellus, your ideal choice for a remarkable stay in Goa.


?
Wadi Al Mehran:

Transform your living space with Wadi Al Mehran, the leading expert in villa renovation in Dubai. We specialize in comprehensive renovation services, including exquisite kitchen cabinet renovation, to elevate the aesthetics and functionality of your home. Our skilled team delivers top-quality craftsmanship and personalized solutions to meet your unique needs. Enhance your villa's appeal and enjoy a modern, luxurious kitchen with our tailored renovation services. Choose Wadi Al Mehran for unparalleled expertise and exceptional results in villa and kitchen cabinet renovation.

The Sinematic Pineapple:

The Sinematic Pineapple stands out among Los Angeles production companies, offering top-tier commercial production services. Specializing in creating compelling and high-quality commercials, we bring your vision to life with creativity and expertise. Our team of professionals delivers exceptional production value, making us one of the most sought-after commercial production companies in Los Angeles. Partner with The Sinematic Pineapple for innovative and impactful commercial productions that captivate your audience and elevate your brand.

Hairmond Hairmond:

Discover exceptional hair clipping near me and professional hair patch services at Hairmond. Our expert stylists provide precise hair clipping to suit your style and needs, ensuring a perfect look every time. Specializing in hair patch service, we offer customized solutions for hair loss, giving you natural-looking results and renewed confidence. Trust Hairmond for superior hair care services that enhance your appearance and boost your self-esteem. Visit us today and experience the difference.


Mega Web Design:

Mega Web Design specializes in creating stunning websites for dental clinic. As a top website design company in Canada, they focus on tailored solutions that enhance user experience and drive patient engagement. their expert team crafts visually appealing, functional, and SEO-friendly websites that make your dental clinic stand out. Partner with Mega Web Design to elevate your online presence and attract more patients with a professional and effective website design for dental clinic.

Matebiz Pvt. Ltd:

Discover how Matebiz Pvt Ltd revolutionizes healthcare with innovative digital marketing for hospitals. their expert strategies in marketing for hospitals enhance patient engagement, expand reach, and build trust. From targeted advertising to personalized communication, they help hospitals attract and retain patients effectively. Embrace the future of healthcare marketing with Matebiz Pvt Ltd and stay ahead in the competitive landscape.