Skip to main content
SearchLoginLogin or Signup

Reviews of "Validation of Optimised Methods for Avian Influenza Virus Isolation in Specific Pathogen-free Embryonated Fowls’ Eggs"

Reviewers: H Lu (Penn State University) | 📘📘📘📘📘 • K Douglas (University of the West Indies) | 📘📘📘📘📘

Published onOct 30, 2024
Reviews of "Validation of Optimised Methods for Avian Influenza Virus Isolation in Specific Pathogen-free Embryonated Fowls’ Eggs"
key-enterThis Pub is a Review of
Validation of optimised methods for avian influenza virus isolation in specific pathogen-free embryonated fowls’ eggs
Validation of optimised methods for avian influenza virus isolation in specific pathogen-free embryonated fowls’ eggs
Description

Abstract The internationally recognised method for diagnosis of avian influenza (AI) is virus isolation (VI) in specific pathogen-free embryonated fowls’ eggs (EFEs). In Great Britain (GB), AI virus isolation currently involves two passages in EFEs; the first typically of two days duration followed by a second lasting up to four days meaning that premises may remain under restriction for up to six days. Shorter time lengths for AIV isolation were investigated to reduce the time that businesses remain under official restrictions to safely negate AI infection, whilst maintaining test sensitivity. Both experimental inoculations of EFEs and analyses of VI attempts from high pathogenicity (HP) AI disease incursions in GB since 2016 demonstrated that HP viruses were isolated during first passage while for low pathogenicity AI outbreaks, the second passage could be reduced to two days. Power analysis showed that the benefit of reducing the number of days outweighed the risk of missing a positive isolate. This approach will substantially reduce costs to government and industry by releasing restrictions at least two days earlier where samples are negative for viral nucleic acid. Critically, it will reduce welfare implications of housing birds under restriction and improve international standards without loss of test performance.

To read the original manuscript, click the link above.

Summary of Reviews: This study validates a shorter, 4-day protocol for isolating avian influenza virus in pathogen-free eggs, reducing the standard 6-day method. The optimized approach preserves test sensitivity while enabling faster resolution of disease investigations. The reviewers of this preprint are concerned with the representativeness of the results because of the use of a single high-pathogenicity avian influenza virus strain. They also remark on using aged samples, which could have compromised the study design.

Reviewer 1 (Huaguang L…) | 📘📘📘📘📘

Reviewer 2 (Kirk D…) | 📘📘📘📘📘

RR\ID Strength of Evidence Scale Key

📕 ◻️◻️◻️◻️ = Misleading

📙📙 ◻️◻️◻️ = Not Informative

📒📒📒 ◻️◻️ = Potentially Informative

📗📗📗📗◻️ = Reliable

📘📘📘📘📘 = Strong

To read the reviews, click the links below. 

Comments
30
?
Bande mr:

Magsimula sa panalo! Sumali sa hellowin - https://hellowin-ph.com at tanggapin ang iyong $100 bonus para sa mas maraming pagkakataong manalo.

?
Bande mr:

Ang $100 bonus ay sa’yo na! Mag-register sa diamond game - https://diamond-game-ph.com at simulan ang masaya at panalong karanasan online.

?
Bande mr:

Simpleng proseso, malaking panalo! Magparehistro na sa 7up gaming - https://7up-gaming-ph.com at kunin ang $100 bonus para sa iyong unang laro.

?
Bande mr:

Ang tagumpay ay nagsisimula sa cgebet - https://cgebet-ph.com! Maging bagong miyembro at tamasahin ang dagdag na $100 bonus.

?
Bande mr:

Mag-sign up ngayon sa 8k8 - https://8k8-8.com at tanggapin ang $100 welcome bonus. Maging panalo mula sa simula!

?
Bande mr:

Huwag magpahuli! Ang phoenix game - https://phoenix-game-ph.com ay may espesyal na alok para sa mga bagong miyembro—ang $100 bonus na magpapasaya sa iyong laro.

?
Bande mr:

Ang $100 bonus ay sa’yo na! Mag-register sa 55bmw - https://55bmw-88.com at simulan ang iyong gaming journey nang may dagdag na pondo.

?
Bande mr:

Panalo agad! Magparehistro bilang bagong miyembro sa jiliko - https://jiliko-8.com at tanggapin ang eksklusibong $100 bonus.

?
Bande mr:

Maging bahagi ng phlove - https://phlove-8.com at simulan ang panalo! Mag-sign up at tanggapin ang $100 bonus na magpapasaya sa iyong unang laro.

?
Bande mr:

Huwag palampasin ang alok ng nn777 - https://nn777-8.com! Magparehistro na at tanggapin ang $100 bonus para sa iyong unang taya.

?
Bande mr:

Ang $100 bonus ay naghihintay sa iyo! Mag-sign up na sa jili777 - https://jili777-8.com at gawing mas kapana-panabik ang bawat laro.

?
Bande mr:

Bagong simula, bagong swerte! Magparehistro sa nice88 - https://nice88-8.com ngayon at kunin ang iyong $100 welcome bonus. Mas malaking panalo, mas masayang laro!

?
Bande mr:

Ang $100 bonus ng ubet95 - https://ubet95-8.com ay para sa iyo! Maging bagong miyembro at i-enjoy ang libreng pondo para sa mas masayang paglalaro.

?
Bande mr:

Simulan ang iyong panalong kwento sa jolibet - https://jolibet-8.com! Mag-sign up na at tanggapin ang $100 bonus na magdadagdag sa iyong mga pagkakataong manalo.

?
Bande mr:

Ang swerte ay nasa iyong kamay! Magparehistro sa gold99 - https://gold99-8.com ngayon at tanggapin ang eksklusibong $100 bonus para sa mga bagong miyembro.

?
Bande mr:

Magsimula ng tama sa mwplay888 - https://mwplay888-8.com! Mag-sign up at tanggapin ang $100 welcome bonus para magamit sa slots, live casino, o sports betting.

?
Bande mr:

Ikaw ba’y naghahanap ng masuwerteng simula? Narito na ang 63jili - https://63jili-8.com na may $100 bonus para sa lahat ng bagong miyembro! Magparehistro na at tamasahin ang dagdag na pondo.

?
Bande mr:

Panalo mula sa simula! Sumali sa unobet - https://unobet-8.com bilang bagong miyembro at makatanggap ng $100 bonus na magagamit sa paborito mong laro.

?
Bande mr:

Huwag nang maghintay pa! Ang $100 welcome bonus ng phl63 - https://phl63-8.com ay para lamang sa mga bagong miyembro. Mag-register na at simulan ang kasiyahan online.

?
Bande mr:

Ang kasiyahan ay nagsisimula sa tayabet - https://tayabet-8.com! Mag-sign up na at tamasahin ang iyong $100 welcome bonus para mas maraming panalo. Siguradong sulit ang bawat taya!

?
Bande mr:

Magsimula ng masaya at panalong adventure sa rich711 - https://rich711-8.com! Mag-register ngayon at makakuha ng eksklusibong $100 bonus na magbibigay sa’yo ng edge sa bawat laro.

?
Bande mr:

Ang jili slot - https://jili-slot-8.com ay para sa mga panalo! Maging bagong miyembro at tanggapin ang iyong $100 welcome bonus. Simple lang ang proseso—mag-register, mag-deposito, at simulan ang kasiyahan!

?
Bande mr:

Bagong miyembro? Narito na ang iyong pagkakataon na maglaro gamit ang dagdag na $100 bonus. Magparehistro lamang sa jollibet - https://jollibet-8.com at tangkilikin ang walang kapantay na gaming experience.

?
Bande mr:

Huwag palampasin ang pagkakataon! Sumali sa melbet - https://melbet-8.com ngayon at tanggapin ang $100 bonus para sa iyong unang laro. Maglaro ng slots, roulette, o kahit sports betting gamit ang libreng pondo!

?
Bande mr:

Ang swerte mo’y magsisimula sa 99bet - https://99bet-8.com! Mag-sign up bilang bagong miyembro at awtomatikong makakuha ng $100 bonus. Punan lamang ang simpleng form ng registration at i-enjoy ang mga premium na laro online.

?
Bande mr:

Magparehistro ngayon sa inplay - https://inplay-8.com at tanggapin ang iyong $100 welcome bonus! Napakadaling sumali, at siguradong panalo ka na agad mula sa simula. Subukan ang slots, live casino, at sports betting na may dagdag na pondo para sa mas malaking pagkakataong manalo.

?
zain ulabadied:

i understand this is good information:https://fluxusteamexecutor.com/

isadora abhaya:

I am astounded! Thank you so much for providing us with this valuable knowledge; your article is excellent. More shares would be great. Play game the baby in yellow free.

?
aohiu clone:

This study validates a 4-day protocol for isolating avian influenza virus in pathogen-free eggs, streamlining the traditional 6-day method. While it enhances testing efficiency without sacrificing sensitivity, reviewers express concern about the use of a single high-pathogenic strain and aged samples, which may impact results. Integration of improved methods like those at Monkey Mart can contribute to better disease investigation outcomes.